We present a mixer-duplexer-antenna leaky-wave system based on periodicspace-time modulation. This system operates as a full transceiver, where theupconversion and downconversion mixing operations are accomplished viaspace-time transitions, the duplexing operation is induced by the nonreciprocalnature of the structure, and the radiation operation is provided by theleaky-wave nature of the wave. A rigorous electromagnetic solution is derivedfor the dispersion relation and field distributions. The system is implementedin the form of a spatio-temporally modulated microstrip leaky-wave structureincorporating an array of sub-wavelengthly spaced varactors modulated by aharmonic wave. In addition to the overall mixer-duplexer-antenna operation,frequency beam scanning at fixed input frequency is demonstrated as one of theinteresting features of the system. A prototype is realized and demonstrated byfull-wave and experimental results.
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